55N 40'34"

• The latitude of Copenhagen is about 15 degrees north of our latitude here in Philadelphia.  This puts it at approximately the same latitude as Moscow, Glasgow and Edinburgh. There are few major cities at this latitude outside Europe.
• "The oldest medieval settlement in Copenhagen, called Hafn or Købmannahafn (Merchants’
  Harbour), was enclosed by a horseshoe-shaped bank and ditch in the area south-west of Pilestræde (Fig. 1.1). In the 12th century it was open to the sea and functioned as a small fishing hamlet, no larger than a football pitch. The King of Denmark, Valdemar the Great, saw the potential of the area, which lay in its advantageous position in relation to the herring shoals in the Øresund, and to Roskilde and Lund, which were then major Danish towns and bishoprics. In c.1165 he passed responsibility for the town to Bishop Absalon; in the following generation, and throughout the 13th century, the town underwent considerable expansion. A new and larger enclosure, defended by a town wall, came to form the boundary around
  the area known nowadays as inner Copenhagen"
  
  Anderson, Vivi Len and Annine Moltsen. "The dyer and the cook: finds from 8 Pilestræde, Copenhagen, Denmark." Post-Medieval Archaeology. Vol 41, Issue 2. 2007. 242-263.
• The opening of Tivoli Gardens in 1843 is considered a major turning point in the city's transition to Modernity and what we would consider recognizable urbanism.  In 1844, an editor for Tivoli's newsletter wrote this about the Danes:It is not easy to imagine a more cheerless and surly people than we Danes. We dare not laugh nor cry, walk nor stand, ride on horseback nor in a carriage, unless we first most carefully consider whether this or that is quite appropriate, whether it will really do.  Natural feeling, our own inclination, has only a very small power over us, everything must be squeezed into the corset of convention, the most innocent pleasure or diversion will have to be measured with calipers and weighed on the most sensitive gold scales.  
  
  The transition took some adjusting to for many of Copenhagen's more reserved residents:
  "The pleasure-seeking of the people was criticized and countermeasures were proposed, for instance that a police-force should attend balls in order to prevent the lack of restraint of the young couples who were dancing the new dance in fashion: the waltz."
  
  Zerlang, Martin. "Orientalism and modernity: Tivoli in Copenhagen." Nineteenth-Century Contexts: An Interdisciplinary Journal. University of Copenhagen. 2008.